Deburring device with oppositely acting deburring elements

ABSTRACT

Opposite side portions of an edge of a workpiece of sheet material are peened to smoothness by two peening tools oppositely acting upon said side portions through coaction with a rotary hammer resiliently carried within a housing. A first one of said tools is vibratorily actuated directly by said hammer to peen one of said side edge portions while the other of said tools is actuated indirectly by said hammer through vibratory reaction of the latter to its direct actuation of the first tool which reaction is effective through said housing and a rigid stem of the housing which supports said other tool.

United States Patent Neilsen 1 Dec. 16, 1975 948,029 H1964 UnitedKingdom 173/123 [76] Inventor: Hildaur L. Neilsen, 2 Juniper St., p wLanham Metuchen, 08840 Assistant Examiner-Gene P. Crosby [22] Filed:Jan. 23, 1975 Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Robert Henderson [211 App]. No.:543,271

57 AB TRA T [52] US. Cl. 72/407; 29/90 A; 72/429; 1 s C I t Cl 2 72/452;Opposite side portions of an edge of a workpiece of [58 6 4 sheetmaterial are peened to smoothness by two peen- 0 g/ ing tools oppositelyacting upon said side portions through coaction with a rotary hammerresiliently car- [56] R f d ried within a housing. A first one of saidtools is vieerences lte bratorily actuated directly by said hammer topeen UNITED STATES PATENTS one of said side edge portions while theother of said 1,040,424 10/1912 Salt 1. 173/123 tools is actuatedindirectly by said hammer through 3,149,681 9/1964 Drew i. 173/97vibratory reaction of the latter to its direct actuation .2 .01 8/1966 De 173/9 of the first tool which reaction is effective through 141159411/1968 f 72/452 said housing and a rigid stem of the housing which3.701087 12/1972 Neilson 72/429 pp Said other tool.

FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 1,286,020 1/1962 France 1. 173/123 10Claims, 10 Drawing Figures I ll I 38 I '1 j- 72 7 I y 4 46 N I 68 B y 76J s 50 90 .'."'l o. I 19 92 U.S. Patent Dec. 16,1975 Sheet10f2 3,926,031

FIG. 3

U.& Patent Dec. 16, 1975 Sheet 2 of2 3,926,031

FIG. 5

FIGA

DEBURRING DEVICE WITH OPPOSITELY ACTING DEBURRING ELEMENTS BACKGROUND OFTHIS INVENTION The present invention is an outgrowth of the inventiondisclosed in my US. Pat. No. 3,707,087, dated Dec. 26, 1972, wherein anarrangement of a single peening tool or a side-by-side assembly ofpeening tools working in unison is vibrated by a rotating hammer elementso that angularly opposed jaw surfaces of the tool arrangement serve topeen opposite sides of an edge (usually of punched or sheared sheetmetal) to be deburred. In that patented arrangement, the device isadapted to function with respect to different thicknesses of differentkinds of sheet material by selectively substituting different peeningtools having jaw surfaces of different jaw'spacing or of differentangularities. In the patented devices, some objectionable, yet tolerablevibration is communicated to the motor means for operating the rotaryhammer element.

I have discovered, and provide by the present invention, a combinationof components in a deburring device, which greatly reduces the mentionedobjectionable vibration of the motor means. This invention also reducesthe need for substituting different peening tools for deburring theedges of different kinds and thicknesses of sheet material.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING In the accompanying drawing whichillustrates the present invention:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a deburring device according to a firstor preferred embodiment of this invention, shown in operating positionwith reference to a sheet metal edge being deburred.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the device, some portions thereof being shownin central axial section.

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the parts shown in FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is an edge view of a set of oppositely acting peening tools asseen from the irregular line 44 of FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is a view of the bottom of a rotary hammer element in the deviceas seen at the plane of line 55 of FIG. 3.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a spring washer used in resilientlyholding the devices rotary hammer element in place in a housing of thedevice.

FIG. 7 is a cross sectional view, substantially on the line 77 of FIG.3, of an adjusting nut used to hold the peening tools of the device inadjusted relationship.

FIG. 8 is a fragmentary, axial sectional view, approximately on theirregular line 88 of FIG. 2.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a set of peening tools of modified form,usable as components within this invention.

FIG. 10 is an elevational edge view of the peening tools illustrated inFIG. 9.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Referring to FIG.- 1, the devicegenerally indicated at 20, is shown in relation to an edge a of a sheetmetal strip B in position to remove burrs from said edge. The device isalso shown in operational relationship to a suitable motor C which isprovided for operating a hammering-peening mechanism in the device.

Referring also to FIGS. 2-8, the device comprises a rotary hammer 22 ofwhich a stem 24 is adapted for tight engagement within a chuck d of themotor C. An enlarged lower end portion 26 of the hammer has, formed onits bottom, a generally flat, circular working surface with a continuousseries of concentric frustospherical indentations 28.

The hammers lower end portion 26 extends coaxially within the housing30, and is borne for turning therein within a needle bearing 32. Thisbearing, and the hammers portion 26, bottom upon an internal radial wall34 of the housing. The bearing 32 and the hammer portion 26 are lockedinto the housing by flat washers 36a, 36b, a wavy-spring washer 37, anda snap ring 38 which, by its resilience, snaps into and is retained inan inner annular recess 40 formed near the upper end of the housing.

Impact transmitting means in the form of hard steel balls 42 aresomewhat loosely disposed within separate openings 44 which are formedin the housings wall 34 and are in axial alignment with the series ofindentations 28. The openings 44 communicate with a slot 46 whichextends centrally in the housing 30 and opens at the latters lower end.The slot 46 is narrower than the diameters of the balls 42, therebyproviding shoulders 48 at the lower ends of the openings 44 to retainthe balls against dislodgment therefrom.

A sturdy stem 50, more or less like a non-headed bolt, has a reducedupper end 52 which fits tightly into a downwardly opening bore 54 formedin the lower portions of the housing 30 which define the slot 46,between which lower portions the bore 54 is centrally located toward oneside of said slot. The stem 50 is pinned firmly within the bore 54 by apin 56 extending tightly through holes 58 in the housing 30 and amatching hole 60 in the stems upper end 52.

The stem 50 is formed with a longitudinal side channel 62 havingparallel, side walls and being of the same width as the slot 46 intowhich the upper end portion of said channel opens, enabling said channeland slot to accommodate a peening tool assembly as hereinafterexplained. The lower end of the stem 50 is threaded as at 64 to receivean adjusting nut 66 thereon for a purpose also hereinafter explained.

The peening tool assembly of FIGS. 1-8 consists of an upper tool member68 and a lower tool member 70, both of flat tool steel and preferably ofthe shapes best illustrated in FIG. 3. The thicknesses of these two toolmembers are slightly less than the width of the stems channel 62 and thehousings slot 46 to enable said tool members to slide freely, one abovethe other, within said channel and slot while, nevertheless, being heldagainst material cocking therein. The approximate vertical relationshipof the two tool members, during operation, is shown in FIGS. 2 and 4.

The upper tool member 68 is held slidably in place in the slot 46 andthe channel 62 by a reversely bent end portion 72 of a steadying rod orhandle 74 which extends with an accurate fit within a transverse bore 76in the housing 30 and with a loose fit within an oval opening 78 in thetool member 68; the larger diameter of the opening 78 extending inapproximate parallelism with reference to the axes of the rotary hammer22, the housing 30, and the latters stem 50. The rod portion 72 is heldin place within the housing 30 by a cotter pin 80.

The lower tool member is held slidably in place in the channel 62 by anarcuate detent spring 82 of steel spring wire disposed in said channelwith its ends and 3v adjacent portions within a recess 84 formed in theouter edge of a tail'portion 85 of the tool member 70, and with a bowedcentral portion of said springin firm engagement with the threads of thenut 66.

The nut 66is adjustable to enable its upper end to bear'upon the underside of a shoulder 86 of the tool member 70 to limit the latter to anyselected lower position, with reference to the upper tool member 68,that may be desirable in deburring a particular piece of material beingprocessed.

As it is important that an established desired adjustment of the nut 66be held against change, a circular series of axially extending grooves88 are cut across the nuts thread so that the bow portion of spring 82may seat within the nearest of the grooves 88 to prevent turning of thenut from its adjusted position.

The lower adjacent side and edge areas of the two tool members 68 and 70are oppositely beveled as at 680 and 700 (FIG. 4) to permit partialoverlapping of said tool members in some adjusted relative conditionsthereof. Said tool members, also, are shaped to form jaws 90 and 92between which an edge of a workpiece in the form of ametal strip B maybe held for deburring as may best be understood from FIGS. 1 and 2. Theactual deburring is effected at edge peening areas 94 and 96 of the toolmembers which areas may be more or less curvilinear as shown in FIGS. 2and 3, or those areas may be angular, depending on whether the edge tobe deburred is to be rounded or angular after deburring. Not only maythe areas 94 and 96 of the two tools be in rounded or angular shape, butthe sides of said areas may be somewhat rounded to avoid presenting anysharp, possibly nicking edges of the tool metal to the strip edge beingdeburred.

OPERATION OF THE SUBJECT DEBURRING DEVICE -With the hammer 22 beingturned at high speed by the motor C and the device as a whole being heldagainst rotation by manual holding of the handle 74, the strip B isurged forcefully between the jaws 90 and 92 and against the peeningareas 94 and 96 of the two tool members; or those mentioned portions ofthe device may be urged forcefully against the strip while the latter isbeing moved lengthwisely relatively to the deburring device, betweensaid jaws. This causes the upper tool member 68 to vibrate axially dueto the engagement of its upper end with the balls 42 which are subjectedto rapid impact by intermittent seating within the indentations 28 atthe lower end of the rotating hammer 22. The rapid vibration of the toolmember-68 causes its edge peening area 94 to peen the upper edge portionof the strip B being moved therebetween, thereby deburring said upperedge portion.

As thus far explained, the lower tool member 70 is serving as an anvilwith its edge peening area 96 supporting the strip B at its lower edgeportion, and thereby having an indirect deburring effect on said loweredge portion of the strip through reaction to the described rapidvibration of the upper tool member 68.

In some instances, such indirect deburring action on a lower edgeportion may not be entirely adequate; but the disclosed preferredembodiment includes a feature which very considerably improves andyields excellent over all deburring results, to wit: the wavy-springwasher 37.

The spring washer 37 serves to provide a resilient support of thehousing 30 upon a flat, upper annular surface 98 of the lower portion 26of the rotary hammer 22, as may best be understood by reference to FIGS.2 and 3. As a result of the mentioned resilient support arrangement, thehammer is enabled to pursue a pronounced vibratory reaction to itsalready described vibratory operation of the upper tool member 68. Thethus engendered vibratory reaction is transmitted by the hammer 22 tothe housing 30 and thence, through the latters rigid stem 50 to thelower tool member to positively cause the latter to peen and deburr thebottom area of the edge a being deburred by the device.

Thus, it will be understood that, with the device of this invention, theedge portions at both sides of a workpiece being processed arepositively peened separately to be effectively deburred. If the deviceis used with a machine tool such as, for example, a drill press, thehandle 74 may be positioned into engagement with some fixed part of themachine tool, to prevent the housing 30 from turning.

THE TOOL MEMBERS OF FIGS. 9 and 10.

The tool members of FIGS. 9 and 10 comprise an upper member 168 and alower member 170. The upper member is formed with a recess 168a intowhich a tongue 1700 of the lower member slidably extends. These toolmembers may serve as substitutes for the tool members 68 and 70 of thefirst embodiment. They are similarly slidably disposed in the channel 62of stem 50, member 168 being held in place in the device by the endportion 72 of the handle rod 74, and member being held in place in saidchannel by the arcuate spring detent 82 and the nut 66.

The recess and tongue arrangement 168a, 170a functions, like the bevels68a and 70a of tool members 68, 70 to permit close adjustment of the twotool members relatively to each other by adjustment of the nut 66. Also,like said bevels, the recess and tongue arrangement permits relativevibratory movement of the two related tool members toward and from eachother.

The recess and tongue arrangement, additionally, enables the lower endof the tool member 168 to be held firmly in the channel 62 of stem 50 byreason of the engagement, in the recess 1680, of the tongue 170a of thelower tool member which, itself, is firmly held in said channel by thespring 82 and nut 66. Curved and round edges peening areas 172 and 174of the tool members 168 and 170 are shown differently curved thanpeening areas 94 and 96 of the first embodiment to emphasize the factthat variously shaped peening areas of the peening tools may be employedwithin this invention.

I claim:

1. A deburring device for smoothing edges of sheet material, comprisinga housing, intermittently impacting hammer means supported within saidhousing, means for rapidly operating said hammer means, a first peeningtool member loosely connected to said housing and coacting with saidhammer means to be vibratorily actuated thereby to engage and deburr anedge of a related workpiece of sheet material, an extension stem rigidlyintegral with said housing, extending alongside said tool member inparallelism to the direction of vibratory movement of the latter, and asecond peening tool member carried on said stem in position to supportsaid workpiece in line with and against said vibratory movement of saidfirst tool member.

2. A deburring device according to claim 1, said hammer means comprisinga rotary hammer supported for rotation within said housing.

3. A deburring device according to claim 2, said rotary hammer having aninterrupted-circular working surface, and the device further includingimpact transmitting means coacting with said working surface and withsaid first tool member to forcibly impel the latter intermittentlyagainst an edge of said workpiece to be deburred.

4. A deburring device according to claim 3, said working surface havinga continuous, concentric circular series of frusto-sphericalindentations therein, and said impact transmitting means comprising aball retained in position to successively coact with said indentationsduring rotation of said hammer to repeatedly engage said first toolmember to vibrate the latter against an edge of said workpiece.

5. A deburring device according to claim 3, further including a wavyspring, cushioning the support of the hammer means within the housing,said spring being disposed between the housing and an annular surface ofthe hammer means opposite to the latters said working surface.

6. A deburring device according to claim 1, said hammer and housingderiving vibratory movement in reaction to the hammers said actuation ofsaid first tool member, and said extension stem of the housing coactingwith said second tool member to cause the latter to vibrate against theedge of said workpiece oppositely to said first tool member whereby tocause the two tool members to peen opposite sides of the edge of theworkpiece.

7. A deburring device according to claim 6, said extension stem having athreaded portion distal from said housing, and the device including anadjusting nut on said threaded portion in adjusting engagement with saidsecond tool member whereby to adjust the operating relationship of thetwo peening tool members.

8. A deburring device according to claim 7, said second tool memberbeing slidable within an axially extending channel in said extensionstem and having a tail portion extending within said nut, and a shoulderof said second tool member being in adjusting engagement with an endsurface of the nut.

9. A deburring device according to claim 8, further including a detentspring in said nut in resilient engagement with said tail portion andwith an internal thread of the nut, whereby to oppose undesired turningof the latter from an adjusted position.

10. A deburring device according to claim 9, axially extending groovesbeing formed crosswisely in a female thread in the nut, and a portion ofsaid detent spring being selectively engagable with any one of saidgrooves to provide added opposition to such undesired turning of thenut.

1. A deburring device for smoothing edges of sheet material, comprisinga housing, intermittently impacting hammer means supported within saidhousing, means for rapidly operating said hammer means, a first peeningtool member loosely connected to said housing and coacting with saidhammer means to be vibratorily actuated thereby to engage and deburr anedge of a related workpiece of sheet material, an extension stem rigidlyintegral with said housing, extending alongside said tool member inparallelism to the direction of vibratory movement of the latter, and asecond peening tool member carried on said stem in position to supportsaid workpiece in line with and against said vibratory movement of saidfirst tool member.
 2. A deburring device according to claim 1, saidhammer means comprising a rotary hammer supported for rotation withinsaid housing.
 3. A deburring device according to claim 2, said rotaryhammer having an interrupted-circular working surface, and the devicefurther including impact transmitting means coacting with said workingsurface and with said first tool member to forcibly impel the latterintermittently against an edge of said workpiece to be deburred.
 4. Adeburring device according to claim 3, said working surface having acontinuous, concentric circular series of frusto-spherical indentationstherein, and said impact transmitting means comprising a ball retainedin position to successively coact with said indentations during rotationof said hammer to repeatedly engage said first tool member to vibratethe latter against an edge of said workpiece.
 5. A deburring deviceaccording to claim 3, further including a wavy spring, cushioning thesupport of the hammer means within the housing, said spring beingdisposed between the housing and an annular surface of the hammer meansopposite to the latter''s said working surface.
 6. A deburring deviceaccording to claim 1, said hammer and housing deriving vibratorymovement in reaction to the hammer''s said actuation of said first toolmember, and said extension stem of the housing coacting with said secondtool member to cause the latter to vibrate against the edge of saidworkpiece oppositely to said first tool member whereby to cause the twotool members to peen opposite sides of the edge of the workpiece.
 7. Adeburring device according to claim 6, said extension stem having athreaded portion distal from said housing, and the device including anadjusting nut on said threaded portion in adjusting engagement with saidsecond tool member whereby to adjust the operating relationship of thetwo peening tool members.
 8. A deburring device according to claim 7,said second tool member being slidable within an axially extendingchannel in said extension stem and having a tail portion extendingwithin said nut, and a shoulder of said second tool member being inadjusting engagement with an end surface of the nut.
 9. A deburringdevice according to claim 8, further including a detent spring in saidnut in resilient engagement with said tail portion and with an internalthread of the nut, whereby to oppose undesired turning of the latterfrom an adjusted position.
 10. A deburring device according to claim 9,axially extending grooves being formed crosswisely in a female thread inthe nut, and a portion of said detent spring being selectively engagablewith any one of said grooves to provide added opposition to suchundesired turning of the nut.